Among the problems currently existing in the regions of Kazakhstan is the increasing outflow of able-bodied population from rural areas and localization in the suburban zone of cities.
The aim- is to identify the causes of deterioration of the demographic situation in rural settlements (RS) and to develop recommendations for stabilization of the rural economy in the West Kazakhstan region.
Methods - retrospective when obtaining data for past periods of time, comparative analysis - to compare the information obtained, on the basis of economic and statistical method the selection and analysis of statistical indicators of the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan, used information from scientific institutions, official sources, defined absolute and relative parameters, average values.
Results - it is shown that the main factors of degradation of most rural areas of Western Kazakhstan are the lack of a clear vision of the role and place of rural residents and rural areas in the socio-economic development of the republic, weakening of state regulation in the sectors of agriculture.
Conclusions - the prospects for building the capacity of rural areas of the West Kazakhstan region is associated with a number of interrelated problems that need to be solved as soon as possible, primarily modernization of social and technical infrastructure, increasing the motivation of the economically active part of the rural population in mastering new knowledge and technologies, which will increase labor income and effective demand of rural residents for goods and services. The study indicates that in rural areas the situation with investment and expansion of small business activities is ambiguous. It is necessary to emphasize the small business entities in the sphere of agrarian production and the formation of social facilities - housing, catering enterprises, social and cultural facilities, education, pre-school education, sports and recreational facilities. This author's position provides for the possibility of forming greater investment attractiveness and attracting extra-budgetary sources of financing. Elimination of environmental barriers will require improvement of the current regulatory and legal framework.

Purpose - the tendencies of development of rural areas of Kazakhstan are shown.
Methods - economic analysis, statistical methods were used in analyzing the data on the number of rural population in dynamics, graphical - for structuring the information and its visual presentation.
Results - the article outlines the current trends and prospects of rural settlements (RS) of the republic, considers demographic processes, economic factors, migration flows. Special attention is paid to the state support initiatives aimed at improving the living standards of rural residents. The authors highlight the stages of building up the resources of rural areas of the country in the context of the implementation of state programs, each of which has specific goals and objectives aimed at improving the lives of rural residents, reducing their outflow from rural to urban areas caused by limited employment opportunities, low standard of living, insufficient access to quality services: education, health care. It is noted that in 20 regions of Kazakhstan adapted and implemented the program "One Village - One Product" (OVOP), focused on the production of the most promising products with high market potential, the creation of sustainable value chains of agricultural products for agricultural enterprises and farmers, promoting saturation of the domestic market with high-quality competitive food products.
Conclusions - solving the problems of strengthening rural areas is in direct dependence on the effective policy of the state in the sphere of agro-industrial complex. Currently, emphasis is placed on the future of the Kazakhstani village, its modern infrastructure. Organizational, managerial and economic approaches, digitalization in agriculture allows to accelerate the pace of integrated socio-economic development of RS, increase the income of the rural population, stabilize the demographic situation and increase the investment attractiveness of territories.

Purpose - the study of theoretical and practical aspects of investment attractiveness of agricultural enterprises in Kazakhstan based on the analysis of the volume of attracted investments in the agro-industrial complex. The article was prepared within the framework of grant funding from the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the topic AP19680320 «Study new tool to develop business environment of Kazakhstan’s regions to improve country’s investment attractiveness and competitiveness in Eurasian region».

Methods - research, descriptive and analytical types of strategies are used in combination with methods of formalization, abstraction, statistical processing and visualization of data.

Results - in the authors' opinion, despite the fact that the agrarian sector is economically and socially significant for the rural areas of the republic, it remains unattractive for investors. Investment in the agrarian sector and the growth of investment projects in the agro-industrial complex are constrained by the acute shortage of financial resources, underdeveloped material, technical and technological base, and low effective demand of the population. Investments form the production potential and determine the competitive position of regions. The article considers the problems that hinder the increase in investment activity. The role of the state in the management of investment processes is revealed. The factors hindering the inflow of investment and measures to increase the volume of financial injections into agriculture are shown.

Conclusions - creation of favorable investment climate in agro-industrial production and activation of investment activity of economic entities is one of the most urgent tasks of agro-industrial complex development. Based on the realities of the economic situation in the agricultural sector, it is necessary to mobilize its internal reserves, the formation of an effective market infrastructure, the growth of solvency of agricultural producers, the strengthening of state support. Only in this case the conditions for investment attractiveness will be formed and the degree of saturation of the food market of the country with the products of own production will increase, the possibility of renewal of fixed assets of the industry will appear.

The aim is to determine the level of food self-sufficiency of the country in the conditions of import substitution. In developing the theoretical section of the work universal scientific methods - analysis and synthesis, comparison, logical. Collection and processing of secondary information, based on the use of official data of the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the results of the Global Food Security Index 2022.
Results - theoretical aspects of the food situation and issues of accessibility of quality products for the population were studied, the role of the agrarian sector in the economy of Kazakhstan was shown and the importance of the agrarian sector in the economy of Kazakhstan was substantiated. Calculated and analyzed such indicators as the degree of self-sufficiency of consumption products in the country, output of various types of products per capita, average consumer spending on food, the dynamics of exports and imports of food products. The dependence on imports of the main types of foodstuffs is considered and the forecast of production of products of the agrarian sphere with regard to ensuring food independence is presented. Three forecast scenarios are proposed: basic, optimistic and pessimistic.
Conclusions - it is revealed that food stability implies a sufficient level of development of the agro-industrial complex, at which the domestic demand for food products can be largely satisfied by the production of own food products. The key task of agrarian policy - to achieve selfsufficiency in the country of at least 80% of the total demand is outlined. Import substitution contributes to the implementation of large-scale and deep modernization of the domestic agro-industrial complex, which requires the use of innovative technologies.

The article is devoted to the issues of socio-economic development of rural areas - one of the key performance indicators of the agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan. The aim is to study the economic potential of rural areas, to determine the prospective directions of production and social transformation of Ushterek village of Yevgenyevsky rural district of Pavlodar region.
Methods - target, hypothesis setting, strategic planning and forecasting were used to identify problem situations, setting goals and solving problems. Justification and argumentation of reasoning in the work are obtained on the basis of analytical information, including comparison, evaluation, generalization and systematization of statistical data.
Results - the authors analyzed the degree of provision with social infrastructure of this region. The influence of various factors on the expansion of this sphere is investigated. The range of problems that hinder the effective activity of this sector is outlined. It is noted that the realization of the economic potential of rural areas will allow solving a number of issues of modernization of infrastructure facilities.
Conclusions - the regional system of social resources should take into account the main interests of the state, aimed at improving the quality of life and welfare of the population. These are, first of all, solving the housing problem and meeting the growing needs of residents in quality housing, improving environmental conditions, strengthening the professional training of workers as a basis for increasing labor productivity and the volume of goods and services, creating guarantees of social security of rural residents. The state authorities should be interested in the development of social programs for rural areas, since the earliest solution of the set tasks is the key criterion for the retention of rural residents in rural areas, which is most important for the republic in the context of increasing rates of urbanization.

Nowadays agrotourism is one of the most important tools for improving the image of the village and its attractiveness for economically active population, an effective mechanism for spreading entrepreneurship in rural areas and increasing economic opportunities for rural residents by diversifying the activities of peasant (farmer) farms. Purpose - the concept of "agrotourism", factors constraining the development of the industry are considered, new approaches to expanding the range of tourism services in rural areas of Kazakhstan on the basis of the model "One Village - One Product" (OVOP) are studied.
Methods - empirical for the purpose of data selection, observation and research of specific phenomena, establishing links between them; statistical, economic analysis, logical - to identify general trends or effects, use of international experience and generalization of results.
Results - the authors note that rural tourism in the country is fragmented, there is no concept and system principles in the tourism sector, which are the key barriers to the development of tourism agribusiness in the country. Popularization of the OVOP movement in the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan will contribute to the creation of new jobs, the growth of rural people's welfare. It is shown that the agritourism sector is one of the rapidly developing directions in modern tourism. In Kazakhstan there are potential reserves of its wide distribution, which allow to diversify the tourist product and create an additional item of income to the budget of the republic.
Conclusions - agrarian tourism is an important segment of modernization of agrarian sector economy, promising innovative rural entrepreneurship. The development of tourism infrastructure in rural areas contributes to the diversification of rural economy, increasing employment and income of rural population, increasing the number of small business enterprises, the volume of production of environmentally friendly products of private subsidiary plots and farms, reducing the outflow of rural population to the cities. Agritourism industry has a large reserve of natural and human resources. However, the authors state that farmers need information and consulting support of tourist firms.

In many economically developed countries, state support, financial investments in the agricultural industry, increasing productivity and profitability, ensuring the availability of food are the main factors of economic growth, first of all, employment of the population. Purpose - the main problems of financing the agro-industrial complex of the republic and scientific approaches to their solution are considered.
Methods - comparative analysis, synthesis, monographic, logical evaluation to determine the mechanisms affecting the effectiveness of state aid and investment.
Results - the article analyzes the sources of budgetary allocation of the agrarian sector. The significance of the implementation of targeted programs aimed at improving the quality of life of rural residents through price, tax, leasing mechanisms, soft loans and subsidies is shown. The study presents information for 2018-2022, supplemented by the data of the National Project on the development of agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2021-2025, including the total volume of agro-industrial production and the size of capital investments. The study notes the need to increase the volume of domestic processing industry, allowing agricultural producers to expand the market for products, create conditions for new jobs, attract investment, and contribute to economic and social stability.
Conclusions - specialization of rural areas, development of technical map and related organization of production in promising villages and district centers, increase in exports, distribution of online services are strategic directions of development of food complex, economic activity of agroformations. The use of external resources gives an opportunity to improve financial results, and farms - to increase income from core activities. When planning large investments in agricultural projects, one of the key criteria is the choice of capital structure to support the investment process.

Ensuring sustainable development of the agrarian sector of the economy requires the integrated use of digitalization technologies. The aim is to show the current trends in the application of information technologies in agriculture in Northern Kazakhstan and to determine the conditions necessary for the introduction of modern digital infrastructure.
Methods - system-structural, economicstatistical, comparative analysis, mathematical and system-functional approaches to the study of the use of information and communication technologies by agribusiness of agricultural profile.
Results - the authors analyzed the scope of application of digital processes in the region. The factors influencing the use of modern digital technologies in the cultivation of agricultural land have been outlined. The dependence of the application of precision farming elements on the farm size is revealed. The calculation of economic efficiency of reference and information systems of production management is presented. Measures to overcome obstacles and mitigate the limitations of digital transformation in agriculture in the northern territories of the republic are proposed.
Conclusions - based on the study it is noted that the spread of digital innovations is from 18 to 55% of the total sown area. When comparing the average land size of economic entities that implement information technologies with other farms, it was found that digital solutions in crop production are primarily available to large and medium-sized agroformations that have the financial capacity and qualified specialists for digitalization. The survey of respondents allowed us to express an opinion on the influence of the size, technical equipment and economic stability of an agro-industrial enterprise on the use of modern farming systems, as well as the level of awareness of agro-entrepreneurs about new technologies. The use of digital platforms in the crop production industry is a key element that contributes to increasing the economic efficiency of the agro-industrial complex.

Consumption of food products by the population is an important indicator of food security, as this concept includes not only food independence, but also the availability of food products. The aim is to assess the relationship between economic indicators and sustainable development of agro-industrial complex in East Kazakhstan for 2012-2023, with emphasis on the impact of the existing conditions and factors on food consumption patterns.
Methods include econometric modeling, statistical estimation, data synthesis and regression analysis to study the obtained data, identify patterns and summarize suggestions and recommendations. Innovative econometric techniques supported by Eviews 12.0 software allow the interaction between different variables to be quantified with precision.
Results show that growth in gross regional product per capita is correlated with improvements in dietary diversity and nutritional quality, increasing food security. The authors note that fluctuations in agricultural production significantly affect food availability and prices. An analysis of the level of food utilization is presented, which makes it possible to determine the state and prospects for the development of key branches of the agricultural sector of the region and the achievement of import substitution policy. The negative point is the problem of economic availability of food products in the region in the necessary volumes and assortment for residents with low incomes, which is caused by the growth of inflation and the decline in real money. It is shown that economic parameters explain about 95% of the variability in food consumption. The subsistence minimum plays an important role in food consumption. Its growth leads to an increase in food expenditures, which in turn affects the overall level of food consumption. Regular adjustments to social standards are needed.
Conclusions - the possibilities of food stability in the country depend on the demand trends in the food market. There is a direct correlation between the productivity of agricultural production and the structure of consumer demand for food products. The state policy in the sphere of food consumption and provision of the population with food should include mechanisms to reduce income differences, stabilize prices, focus on balanced nutrition, and a comprehensive approach to forecasting consumer preferences.

The aim is to study the trends and problems of development of the oil and fat industry of the East Kazakhstan region.
Methods - statistical-economic in the study of phenomena and processes occurring in the oil-fat segment, calculative-constructive - to identify possible alternative directions of increasing the volume of production of the oil-fat subcomplex in the future, abstractlogical - to analyze the current situation in the oil-fat sector of the region, comparative - to compare the indicators of economic activity of this food industry by different criteria depending on the final objectives.
Results - on the basis of statistical information and other official sources the questions concerning the produced agricultural products, their processing and the sphere of trade in finished goods were considered, at that, the final main product is edible and technical vegetable oils.
Conclusions - detailed monitoring allowed to reveal the reasons restraining the expansion of the oil and fat industry in the region, in particular, limited provision of necessary raw materials, low percentage of utilization of production capacities of oil refineries, insufficient supply of high quality seeds. Measures to stabilize the output of oil and fat products have been proposed. These are, first of all, the use of innovative technologies in the production cycle, the formation and functioning of various integrated structures in the agro-industrial complex, which will increase the efficiency of enterprises and solve the issues of food security of the country. High-technology and equipment of advanced brands will significantly reduce the cost of processed products, and cooperation of producers with the support of service centers will make it possible to increase the sown areas of this oilseed crop. It is necessary to use innovative technologies, the implementation of which will contribute to the production of high-quality environmentally friendly food products that are in demand in domestic and foreign markets.

The aim is to substantiate the development of vegetable growing industry in the process of diversification of the economy of Atyrau region. In the methodological aspect, the research on vegetable crops cultivation was carried out on the basis of the deduction method, the consequence of which is the logical conclusion that vegetable production of farms in the region is environmentally safe.
Methods of analysis and synthesis were used in determining the competitive parameters of production and the level of its intensification in the period of rising prices for fuels and lubricants.
Results - the current state of the vegetable sector of the region, problems and potential opportunities were analyzed, the profitability of the vegetable subcomplex was shown. Recommendations aimed at expanding the scope of management, providing agricultural enterprises with timely and objective information important for making management decisions have been developed.
Conclusions - it is necessary to constantly intensify research and development work on the development of new vegetable varieties, their approbation and introduction into practice, which will increase productivity at lower costs. Sectors should pay attention to the quality of vegetable products, their shelf life, useful properties for human health and adaptation to local climatic conditions. The authors note the feasibility of establishing workshops for processing biomass waste and rejected low-grade products. It is concluded that the vegetable market has a high capacity and is characterized by stable demand, which makes it attractive for investment. Investments are the decisive factor of technological, economic and social renewal of economic entities. In dynamics, the innovation activity of agricultural entities is increasing, although it is lower than in the economic system as a whole. The state should become the coordinator of innovation processes in the industry. There are all prerequisites for building up the competitive advantages of the industry.

Land tax is one of the sources of formation of local budgets, filling their revenue part. The aim is to analyze the legal framework of the existing system of land taxation, to substantiate the need to increase mandatory payments for land. The following methods were used - monographic - to study the foreign experience of land taxation, statistical - to collect data on tax revenues, the state of the land fund, analytical - in the study of methods of tax payment, on the basis of abstract-logical method problems were identified and ways of their solution were proposed.
Results - foreign experience of tax regulation has shown that fiscal policy is aimed at creating favorable preferential conditions for agricultural producers and improving soil quality. The existing domestic methodology of tax payments depending on the purposes of application is considered. The analysis of tax payments in dynamics for 7 years is presented. Land tax rates and rent in the context of target use are calculated. It is revealed that the tax for peasant (farm) farms in accordance with the income from the sale of agricultural products is not quite acceptable, as the costs of its production are not taken into account.
Conclusions - it is established that a 40-fold increase in the land tax is premature, since to date such a measure is legislatively approved in the amount of 20-fold. It is recommended to increase the tax burden on residential lands for individual residential construction, shopping and entertainment centers and industrial facilities. Involvement in agricultural turnover of 62.5 million hectares of pastures, concentrated in the category of reserve lands, will make it possible to improve their quality level and receive additional money for the state budget.

Currently, the mechanism of territory zoning is one of the main criteria for preserving the productive potential of agricultural land. Reduction of fertile lands, increase in the number of degraded areas as a result of negative desertification processes, decrease in the efficiency of agricultural lands, their conversion into reserve lands, indicates the irrationality of the existing directions and technologies of territorial division of lands by purpose, underutilization of production possibilities. For example, in 1991 the size of land use was 218.3 million hectares, in 2022 land plots are used by 50% (115.9 million hectares). Purpose - to study theoretical and methodological approaches to the planning of agricultural land and rural settlements (RS), taking into account economically balanced development and transparent spatial distribution.
Methods - analysis and synthesis, with the help of which the cause-and-effect relations of functional and natural-economic zoning were determined; statistical method allowed to analyze the factors of involvement of agricultural land by categories and information-statistical data on Kyzylorda region.
Results - the problems of establishing functional zones for the purpose of regulating the agricultural land market were revealed, socially oriented indicators of land ranking on the basis of land registration materials were outlined, existing systems of land use management were shown.
Conclusions - zoning of lands intended for agricultural production in the RS is carried out in order to determine the boundaries of assessment zones and correction factors to the basic rates of payment for land plots, and is also necessary as a tool for regularization of land resources of built-up areas. A necessary condition for ecologically acceptable agricultural nature management is compliance with a set of agrotechnical practices and measures.

Global climate warming annually leads to a decrease in the agro-climatic potential of farming, many areas of traditional cultivation of land become unsuitable for agriculture due to desertification, swamping and erosion processes. Purpose - the concept of sustainable land use is considered, taking into account foreign experience.
Methods are based on the system analysis of works of domestic and foreign scientists and data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan, analytical reports of the Committee on Land Resources Management.
Results - different approaches to solving the problems of agroindustrial complex are presented, the main trends in the development of the agrarian sector of the republic, the need to combat land degradation, to preserve their productivity and ecosystem functions are shown.
Conclusions - the analysis of world practice shows that the principles of land cultivation based on environmental, social and economic criteria should be implemented based on the effective use of agricultural land, that is, through the optimization of agricultural land fund. The research has an interdisciplinary character. The systematic study of this issue contributes to the application of rational methods of land management in agricultural production. The authors note that the use of digital technologies in the sphere of land relations will help to increase the efficiency of production and economic activity, to unite the main factors and efforts of the participants of this process in a single information space, to increase the reliability and completeness of transmitted data. Digital infrastructure in the farming system is the driver of future development. Provision of all types of services in accordance with land legislation should be digitized.

In modern conditions, public health as a strategic resource is one of the most important indicators that determine the level and quality of life, and is ensured by saturating the market with high-quality food products with high consumer properties. The authors have studied the current state of production of milk and its processed products, which are in the second place in demand after bakery products. In each region of the republic there are processing enterprises of the dairy industry, but not all producers supply goods of high quality. Purpose - development of practical recommendations to provide the domestic market with high-grade and competitive dairy products on the basis of formation and development of dairy clusters.
Methods - the system approach was used to determine the value chain from raw materials to finished products, statistical and comparative analysis - to study the dynamics, state, potential opportunities of the dairy subcomplex, economic entities, generalization method - to summarize the results of the study.
Results - the main problems existing in the dairy industry of Kazakhstan are revealed: insufficiency of milk for food products, underutilization of production capacities, lack of large farms producing conditioned raw materials in the required volumes, high import dependence, purchase prices for raw milk.
Conclusions - the authors recommend the formation of territorial dairy cluster structures. The implementation of this direction will allow to meet the needs not only of the domestic market, but also to achieve a high export potential of the dairy industry, to solve the issues of supply of necessary equipment, fodder for livestock, to increase the competitive advantages of dairy products, the level of utilization of the existing production potential, as well as to expand the raw material base. Of particular importance is the study of promising areas of the dairy industry, since milk and dairy products are necessarily present in the food basket of every family.

The role of cluster formations in increasing the competitiveness of products and accelerating the innovative development of the agrarian economy of Kazakhstan is revealed. Theoretical and practical principles, prerequisites and methodological approaches to the creation of agro-industrial clusters are defined, their distinctive features are revealed. Purpose - economic interests of clustering in agro-industrial complex in the context of regions of the republic are considered. The selection of objects in 17 regions with the highest economic indicators of financial and economic activity was carried out.
Methods – k-means - for preliminary reduction of data dimensionality by means of factor analysis; rapid cluster analysis - in order to combine economic entities into cluster components on the basis of similar characteristics.
Results - primary data were collected, correlation matrix was constructed and the presence of generalized factors was assessed to reduce the dimensionality of the studied attributes. Multivariate statistical study of agricultural products production by regions for 2023 was carried out. The variant with 5 clusters, the order and map of location of 17 administrative-territorial units of regional significance were adopted, the dendrogram of intergroup linking of regions was developed.
Conclusions - cluster analysis allows to distribute the totality of objects (regions) of the Republic of Kazakhstan into five cluster formations, connecting in them the enterprises having similar structure and production specialization. The identified groups can be used for rating assessment of agro-industrial cluster that promotes effective integration of resources and knowledge. It has been established that the application of the cluster approach contributes to increasing productivity and sustainability of the agricultural sector, ensuring long-term development and competitive advantages.

Sufficient provision of agricultural enterprises with labor resources, their territorial and structural balance, rational use, high level of labor productivity are the key directions of effective functioning of agro-industrial complex, growth of production volumes and increase of its efficiency. Purpose - to analyze the criteria of human capital optimization in the agrarian sphere, to identify existing problems and to determine promising directions.
Methods - the study used quantitative and qualitative analysis methods, including the collection and processing of statistical data, questionnaire survey of employees of the agrarian sector, as well as interviews with farm managers. Using the correlation and regression method, the influence of the studied factors on the optimization of labor activity was substantiated.
Results - the article identifies the main issues of agricultural staffing, which consist in the decline in the professional qualification level of specialists, low staffing levels, outflow of able-bodied population from rural areas, loss of prestige of agricultural professions.
Conclusions - this study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to the management of labor potential in agro-industrial production of the republic. The introduction of advanced training programs, improvement of working conditions and social infrastructure is the basis for sustainable development of the industry. It is also recommended to strengthen state support and stimulate the attraction of capital of domestic and foreign private investors and investment funds in rural regions to ensure stable activity of agricultural enterprises. It shows further prospects for increasing human resources to ensure the competitiveness of domestic agricultural producers and as the main driving element in the establishment of innovation economy and the expansion of globalization processes.

Purpose - the problems of employment in rural areas are considered and the ways of their solution are proposed.
Methods - economic and statistical method, monographic, systematic, sociological analysis - to determine the indicators and factors of providing jobs - were used in identifying the trends of employment of rural population.
Results - the current situation in the labor market was studied, the state programs for the expansion of this segment and the results of their implementation were analyzed. The statistical data of unemployment rate by categories in dynamics are compared: age, gender composition, share of labor-sufficient urban and rural populations. The experience of foreign countries is shown, the approved norms of the number of employees employed in agriculture are presented.
Conclusions - to improve the socio-economic infrastructure of rural areas and to improve the quality of life of rural residents it is important to improve the system of subsidizing economic entities. This, in turn, is achievable under the condition of investment of staff units in agricultural production and strengthening social protection of the population. Structural reorganization of the economy has affected the decrease of labor employment in the agrarian sphere, which is one of the criteria of economic development of the republic. Diversification in the agro-industrial complex, support of peasant (farmer) farms and alternative forms of labor relations in rural areas allow to smooth negative trends and receive additional income. The priority direction of labor mobility of rural residents is the expansion of small business. To this end, it is necessary to ease the tax burden on its enterprises, create regional centers for their support, which should direct the available financial and material resources primarily to the implementation of projects and employment programs in rural areas.

Rural population migration is an objective process that affects the economic, environmental, social and demographic development of countries and their individual territories. Regulation and supervision of the migration process is one of the priority tasks of the state. The aim is to the scale and direction of migration flows in rural areas of the republic, the reasons for migration and the degree of influence on the labor market in rural areas are considered.
Methods - comparisons to determine quantitative indicators characterizing the level of resettlement of economically active citizens. Assessment of the dynamics of those who arrived and left the RS was carried out by the methods of grouping and graphical analysis. Generalization method - in formulating the main aspects of resettlement.
Results - the authors state that it is necessary to improve the mechanisms of legal labor migration, explanation and counseling, legal protection and organizational measures for those arriving and departing. Special attention should be paid to the development of infrastructure, creation of new jobs, career opportunities, high income, social conditions in rural settlements (RS) with high levels of local displacement. Based on the study, it is concluded that even positive trends and sustainable growth in production do not suppress the incentives for outflow to the city both for permanent residence and in search of temporary work.
Conclusions - the location of rural areas near the regional center, the location of agricultural enterprises and farms, favorable natural and climatic conditions have a great impact on the attraction of migrants to rural areas. Based on the above, the key factor contributing to the reduction of migration loss of population can be called diversification of the economy in rural areas, further development of existing and creation of new production facilities.

The aim is to analyze depopulation trends in rural regions of Kazakhstan, including Kostanay region, and to propose mechanisms for their optimization.
Methods - comparative analysis and dynamic methods were used to identify the main causes and annual decline in population in rural areas. Empirical methods were used to determine the factors of rural population reduction, as well as the formation of a system of complex regulation of demographic and social problems. The assessment of socio-economic indicators of the oblast was carried out on the basis of the evaluation approach.
Results - the authors note that despite a number of existing documents on the development of rural areas of the country, since 2009 depopulation of the rural population of the country persists. In 2024 compared to 2008 the quantitative composition decreased by 9.1%. It is most characteristic for Kostanay region. In order to more deeply study the depopulation orientation in this region a comparative analysis of social parameters of 4 densely populated and 4 least densely populated areas, including data for the period from 2010 to 2023 was carried out.
Conclusions - labor market indicators of Kazakhstan and Kostanay region are somewhat lower compared to urban indicators. In 2023, the labor force participation rate was observed to be higher in rural areas compared to urban areas, but the employment rate was significantly lower. Self-employed workers are 16% more in rural areas and 9% more in the oblast. The low size of income and its stable sources led to the outflow of economically active groups from villages to large cities. In order to comprehensively regulate these processes in rural areas, it is advisable to create an effective mechanism of social responsibility of business (SRB), which will reduce budget expenditures of the state.

The article shows the necessity and timeliness of building trusting relationships between stakeholders in projects to create a dairy cluster - an association of institutionally independent enterprises integrated into an inter-industry complex, in order to obtain a synergetic result from balanced cooperative relations between them. The cluster should take into account the interests of all its participants, so maintaining trust between them is necessary for the formation of the food chain in the dairy business, which in turn serves as a catalyst for the effective development of the dairy industry, increasing the volume of production and quality of dairy products. The aim is to study the influence of factors on the common interest, partnership between stakeholders in the project environment, as well as the development of methodological and practical recommendations for the application of tools of effective interaction between them, which contributes to the success of the project and the achievement of common goals.
Methods - abstract-logical to identify problems and causes, online survey of respondents using Google-form, Cronbach's Alpha modeling methods are used to assess the reliability and internal consistency of questions in the model created in the Smart PLS program when analyzing complex relationships between latent variables (constructs) that cannot be measured directly. In the course of the study 76 respondents from all regions of Kazakhstan, which are potential stakeholders in the activities of the dairy subcomplex, were interviewed.
Results - reliability and validity of the chosen conceptual model were established, the necessity of deepening the hypotheses put forward during the life cycle of the project on the functioning of the dairy cluster was proved.
Conclusions - innovative entrepreneurship cannot be successful without managing the process of forming an atmosphere of trusting relations along the entire chain of the production process - from investors to consumers.

Land is a unique and irreplaceable natural resource. Therefore, it is always in the center of interests of the state. Purpose - methods of normative-legal regulation of pricing in the land legislation of Kazakhstan are investigated, factors determining the mechanism and cost of the right to use agricultural land are systematized, new approaches to their assessment are shown.
Methods - monographic was used in the study of the current state of the land fund, detection of shortcomings, ranking of world experience in establishing the cadastral value of land, statistical-economic and analytical - to obtain the necessary information, abstract-logical, on the basis of which proposals and recommendations were developed.
Results - the measures to control the estimated value of agricultural land have been substantiated. Potential threats leading to the loss of land use rights were identified.
Conclusions - prices for land plots in the republic started to be formed since 2003, after the transition to private ownership. A number of legislative documents were adopted to involve them in the market turnover. The Land Code is assigned to immovable property and is under state registration. Initially, the payment for agricultural land was formed on the primary market, the state regulated the rates. For 21 years, the prime rates for land have not changed. During cadastral valuation it is necessary to recalculate the prime rate and take into account socio-economic, riscoecological, climatic conditions. This, in turn, requires improvement of agricultural land rates, assessment indices. Since the Republic of Kazakhstan has switched to a digital format of keeping the land cadastre, it is necessary to compile a map of prices of land plots cost in the context of regions and conduct their continuous monitoring.