A steady trend of recent decades is the search and implementation of efficient, rational and renewable sources of thermal energy to reduce environmental pollution. Agricultural biomass pellets can be used as biofuels. Purpose – issues of development of bioenergy in Kazakhstan, economic feasibility of using this technology by managing supply chains of grain straw and oilseeds from the field to the consumer are considered. Methods – analysis of logistics audit, which examined the characteristics of supply chains from raw materials to energy resources, taking into account each stage of logistics: harvesting, storage, transportation, associated costs and the flow of information through logistics channels. Results – main logistics chains for the delivery of this organic energy carrier, its cost and complex logistics operations in production and use of energy, as well as losses at each stage, are determined. It has been determined that potential amount of waste varies for various crops and regions of the republic. Recommendations have been developed for functioning of logistics system for the supply of waste materials of agricultural production as fuel for boiler house and directions for improving the efficiency of logistics means of communication based on existing and potential ways of importing biomass are shown. Conclusions – agro-industrial complex will receive significant benefits from the use of renewable energy sources (RES) through "green" technologies. In addition to environmental benefits, renewable energy will reduce operating costs and improve energy security of the enterprise. Renewable energy production will help diversify the income of economic entities in agro-industrial complex through the sale of surplus electricity produced, as well as various types of biofuels – promising type of renewable energy resources with high calorific value.

The goal – is to develop proposals for adapting the world experience in financing agriculture to the realities of Kazakhstani economy. Methods – statistical, comparative analysis, comparison, generalization of results. Results – positive aspects of the world practice of investing in agricultural sector and possibility of using its levers and tools in domestic conditions have been identified. Emphasis is placed on one of the main problems of competitiveness of any state - ensuring self-sufficiency of the national economic system. The features of attracting investments in agro-industrial complex of the republic, current state and trends in expansion of investment activity are analyzed. Measures for the effective management of inv estment processes are proposed. The problems of investment provision of the country's AIC are shown. As a result of the lack of effective market infrastructure, high riskiness, and relatively weak dynamics of making profit from investments, agro-industrial production has a low investment attractiveness, which, in turn, repels a significant part of investment resources to other industries that quickly pay off. The international experience has been studied and directions of public support for agriculture in foreign countries have been determined. Conclusions – in order to attract and develop investment funds, it is necessary to use regulatory methods aimed at improving the effectiveness of investment activities, which must correspond to the appropriate level of economic development of the State. The authors state that the guarantee of food security directly depends on the amount of investment in agricultural sector, which allows creating additional jobs, taking a leading position in the world market, and increasing export potential. Justification of investment policy in each State should be the result of a thoughtful and purposeful choice, taking into account the distinctive features of potential investors and specifics of particular economic situation.

Due to the specific features inherent in agriculture, public support is a prerequisite for the development of modern agro-industrial production and food market, and achievement of the country's food security. In the context of globalization of socio-economic processes, it is impossible to increase the efficiency and competitiveness of domestic agricultural sector without strengthening public financial assistance. Purpose – main directions of state regulation of agroindustrial complex are considered, which make it possible to stimulate the growth of labor productivity, ensure rational consumption rates, economic and physic al availability of food products, combination of imports and domestic production, and realize export potential. Methods – analytical, comparative analysis, generalization, logistical, systematic approach. Results – it is noted that the State is pursuing a systemic institutional policy. Taking into account international requirements, Kazakhstan is building a new system of financing AIC. Problems that need to be addressed as soon as possible are shown: low solvency of the population, significant difference in the level and quality of life of urban and rural residents, underdeveloped market infrastructure, shortage of qualified specialists in rural areas, the need to improve pricing mechanism, and low degree of investment activity. Conclusions – significant amount of allocated state funds are oriented to support crop and livestock production sectors, modernize agricultural machinery, use modern technologies in order to increase competitiveness of agricultural products in Kazakhstani and international markets. When implementing agricultural policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the experience and trends in development of agricultural production in developed countries, its profitability are taken into account.

The market of agricultural products, raw materials and food is of great importance for the development of economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Its main purpose is to meet the needs for food. The protection of interests of agricultural producers cultivating grain, oilseeds, vegetables from the consequences of adverse natural conditions will be ensured by organization of insurance activities in crop production. The aim – is to evaluate modern system of voluntary insurance in crop production section of Kazakhstan and develop recommendations for its improvement. Methods – statistical, structuring of processed information, causal and comparative data analysis. Results – reducing the risks of economic entities from emergencies due to the increased amount of insurance of the sown area in the republic will make it possible to increase the amount of financing for agricultural entities, and additional resources will be directed to the effective functioning of AIC. Within three years, the country will diversify production of crop products by expanding the area of arable land occupied by agricultural crops. The study of foreign and domestic experience made it possible t o identify shortcomings in modern approaches to the system of voluntary insurance services and offer recommendations for improving methods of their application. Currently, public and private sectors are interested in the continuous expansion of agricultural insurance market in Kazakhstan. The standard for subsidizing part of insurance premium in agricultural sector has increased, which, in turn, will reduce cost of insurance policy for agricultural producers and make this resource even more accessible. Conclusions – positive aspects of modern mechanism of agricultural insurance include: availability of cost of insurance; guaranteed insurance payments; introduction of digital technologies; simplified scheme for recognition of insured events. However, it should be noted that not all existing risks are covered by insurance. To solve this problem, it is necessary to further improve the system of agricultural risk insurance.

The aim – is to assess innovative potential based on data of the annual reports of the Global Competitiveness Index of the World Economic Forum (GCI WEF) and identify directions of the “smart” strategy for the development of AIC of Kazakhstan. Methods – for comparative analysis, the official information of the bulletins of the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On innovative activities of enterprises in the Republic of Kazakhstan", "Key indicators of research and development works in the RK for 2011-2020", reports of the SEC WEF were used. Results – it is noted that important criterion affecting the competitiveness of the country's agricultural sector is its innovative activity, high-tech production. To achieve these goals, the following is necessary: sufficient investment in R&D; the presence of effective research institutions that generate knowledge for the creation of new technologies; diversified business cooperation; integration of education, science and practice; intellectual property protection. The article considers the results of the GCI WEF rating by the factor "innovative potential", comparative analysis of the initial indicators and domestic statistics. The main guidelines and key characteristics of the model of the "smart" concept of the effective functioning of the industry are indicated: digitalization, continuous monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of results according to pre-developed methodology, quantitative and qualitative parameters, decisions on investing funds in projects do not depend on the source of investment. Conclusions – it is advisable to use alternative results of world rankings, in particular, Global Innovation Index and the world competitiveness ranking of the International Institute of Management (IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook - IMDWCY), International Institute for Management Development, Lausanne, Switzerland (IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook – IMD WCY).

The goal – is to study the current situation in development of rural tourism in the Akmola region of Kazakhstan. Methods – review of the works of foreign and domestic scientists, comparisons, generalizations, SWOT analysis. To select the most effective business models of tourism business in the region, the TOPSIS method was used, based on questionnaire and expert assessment. Results – based on international and Kazakhstani practice regarding the concept of tourism industry, the author's definition of this category is given. The potential of agritourism is highlighted and its role in modernization of agricultural sector of the region is shown, resource opportunities of rural settlements included in its administrative territories, as well as for the spread of other types of tourism, are identified. To date, there are factors that hinder the increase in the volume of eco-tourism services in the republic: low living standards of the rural population, comfortable and high-quality conditions for tourists; limited external communications in rural areas, lack of necessary transport links, sites for leisure activities. To solve the problems of tourism sector, the State is taking a set of measures aimed at increasing the amount of funding, developing new programs, and creating effective mechanisms for public support. Ecotourism has significant reserves for support and growth of small and medium businesses. The authors note that in order to expand the scale of ecotourism, external investments are required, as well as the effective tax system and legal mechanism. Conclusions – as the experience of countries with a developed agritourism sector shows, tourism industry affects the systemic solution of a number of socio-economic issues: improving the welfare and income of rural residents, weakening internal migration processes, creating new jobs and ensuring investment activity.

The agritourism industry is one of the youngest in Kazakhstan, which determines the promising directions for the development of domestic tourism sector. Currently, European countries consider tourism industry to be a priority project for the development of rural areas. The goal - is a comprehensive analysis of the prerequisites and factors for socioeconomic growth in the Turkestan region and its attractiveness to rural tourism. Methods – observation and collection of information, analysis and synthesis, a systematic approach. Results – the article is devoted to the study of ecotourism problems in the region. The main tendencies of its organization are outlined. It has been established that this vector is developing progressively, based on existing world traditions and has Kazakhstani specifics associated with its features. The potential of tourism service sector and its role in modernization of the economy of this administrative-territorial unit is revealed. A SWOT-analysis of the state of tourism industry, classification of areas according to agritourism significance is presented. The effectiveness and expediency of expanding the sphere of ecological tourism are shown. Conclusions – for the first time, agritourism services have become widespread in Akmola, North Kazakhstan regions. It is noted that poss ibilities of the region allow to increase the flow of tourists, increase their interest in agritourism facilities, develop organic farming, contribute to the growth of the number of small businesses, production of environmentally friendly products of personal subsidiary plots and farms in rural areas, creation of additional jobs, decrease in the outflow of local population to cities, preservation and popularization of local architectural monuments, elements of art and customs of the people, strengthening the position of tourism business, paying special attention to tourism activities. The leisure industry has a large reserve of natural and human resources. However, as the authors state, farmers need information and advisory support from travel companies, including electronic means.

Organic agriculture is a new, promising direction for investment, which contributes to increasing the profitability and competitiveness of agricultural sector, new export supply channel, the possibility of attracting specialists to the village, additional source of income for the villagers that solve a number of environmental problems. The great popularity of organic products is that their production does not use chemical fertilizers, artificial additives, growth regulators, genetic engineering methods that have negative impact on human health and safety. The goal - is to present a comprehensive system analysis of the state of organic agriculture and the degree of competitiveness of Kazakhstan environmentally friendly products. Methods – comparative analysis, expert opinions, study of primary data. Results – classical and innovative ways of conducting agricultural production are shown. It was revealed that functioning of ecosystems is interconnected with such global socio-economic issues as sustainable development, climate change, food crises. The key factors that distinguish biological farming from traditional type are identified. A review of the key indicators of organic farming in leading countries has been conducted. The regions with the largest number of ecologically clean agricultural lands are presented. The results of the study were obtained using a system of econometric indicators in traditional and organic production. Conclusions – the market of organic products is one of the fastest growing in the world. The authors come to the conclusion that it is necessary to develop comprehensive universal tools that allow domestic ecological production to be competitive, produce products similar to other countries, and in the future to export ready-made natural food products. Priority should be given to the creation of an appropriate and effective regulatory framework.

The purpose – is to show the state of water resources, their use as a factor in the growth of AIC and development of water strategy of Kazakhstan. Statistical indicators that have direct impact and significantly affect the effectiveness of management of water sources in the republic are systematized. Methods – economic-mathematical, predictive calculations in order to solve the problems of water supply for national economic needs of the country with high-quality drinking water. Results – the degree of development of this topic in scientific works of domestic and foreign environmental scientists and economists was studied. Particular factors are determined on the basis of econometric model in the form of joint equations, their significance for the future is proved and justified. It is proposed to analyze the situation that has developed in the system of water objects of agricultural sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of implementation of "green" economy projects with the help of multifactorial probabilistic-statistical models that characterize the mechanism of functioning of socio-econometric system. Statistical series of initial data were compiled, presented by the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Conclusions – it is noted that agriculture is the most water-intensive sector, characterized by the greatest losses of water during its transportation and use. The authors recommend that farmers implement innovative methods to improve irrigation efficiency with more sustainable water harvesting. It was revealed that primary reasons for the growing shortage of used water objects are worn-out infrastructure, the use of outdated technologies in construction of water supply networks. The results of calculations of management of structural economic-mathematical model for the analysis and forecasting of ec onomic processes of different levels for the period 2022-2025 are obtained.

The purpose is to identify and analyze common sales channels for organic products, possibility of introducing alternative marketing strategies for its implementation for small-scale producers of the Almaty region who have made the transition to organic horticulture. The object of the study is international and Kazakhstani experience in building organizational and economic relations regarding production and sale of organic agricultural products. Methods – along with desk research methods, industry information from open access sources, scientific literature, and survey of business entities is summarized. Results – international experience in formation of system for distribution of environmentally friendly products is considered, chain of creation of its value, depending on scale of production, is determined. In Kazakhstan, where production of organic goods is about 20 years and is represented by large agricultural producers of exportoriented grain direction, indirect directions of trade in organic raw materials were accordingly involved. The emerging domestic market for eco-products, involvement of small producers in this sector requires the adoption of effective marketing programs and introduction of a wide range of direct deliveries. The possibilities of introducing such types of marketing as plan of proposals after receiving information about the needs of buyers "Organic box", community-supported farming (CSA - Community-supported agriculture), centralized sales management platform U-pick, organic farmers' markets and sales fairs, shops with organic farms, organic restaurants, public procurement, agritourism and e-commerce are justified. Conclusions – the choice of points for sale of organic products is important management decision that affects economic efficiency of agricultural enterprise. For producers with a small-scale economy, several distribution channels should be developed, when manufacturer works directly with consumers, ensuring close ties.

Relevance – feed industry is important in providing agricultural, industrial enterprises, farms with necessary and high-quality feed. Granular compound feeds are in great demand, which can significantly reduce their losses, consumption, eliminate pathogenic microorganisms. The basis for production of livestock products is supply of first-class fodder. Purpose – the issues of competitiveness of domestic agricultural products, achievement of which is possible with the use of new highly efficient technologies for production of combined feed, are considered. Methods – comparative and system analysis, statistical and economic, logical generalization. Results – the article notes that equipping the resource base in the required volumes is required for proportional and balanced development of farms for processing of grain products and livestock industry - main components of grain and meat product subcomplexes and the link between them. The directions of development of feed industry in Kazakhstan are shown. Emphasis was placed on the need to increase the capacity of large manufacturing enterprises to provide feed products on industrial scale, as well as manufacture of dry nutritional feed mixtures for cattle, pigs in feed mills and factories using their own raw materials, mineral and vitamin supplements. In the republic, the basis for production of high-protein haylage is fodder grain, the value and significance of which are determined from two positions: cereals are used in human nutrition and for obtaining valuable animal protein. Conclusions – the authors state that production volumes, quality and assortment of grain fodder do not meet the needs of livestock sector in concentrated feeds that are complete in terms of nutrition and affordability. New feed mills are being put into operation in the country to supply Kazakhstani agricultural producers with compound feed, without purchasing imported products.

At present, GPS search technologies are increasingly being used to track cows, horses, sheep and other animals in vast pastures. Comfortable monitoring of the movement of animals is one of the primary tasks set by the owners of cattle and horses. So-called GPS collars are common on large farms, as well as in small private households, and are one of the important solutions to the problem of cattle theft prevention. The goal – is to substantiate the use of GPS trackers and effectiveness of monitoring of the state of herd horse breeding in the areas where basic farms are located. In order to assess economic feasibility of "smart" animal husbandry technology, the following methods were applied: review of scientific literature on relevant topics; questioning. The article discusses main directions of digitalization in horse breeding: determining the location of animal in real time, its physical activity, shows innovative approaches that have manifested themselves in the presence of new investment objects (GPS trackers, computer programs, databases), emergence of new effects. The authors studied and analyzed the data on disposal of livestock of horses for reasons not related to production activities, and also calculated the amount of losses. A practical example of the use of GPS trackers is presented and their economic benefits are proven. The results of the study indicate the need for a wider introduction of information and digital systems that allow to maximize the speed of obtaining information on location and prevent the loss of animals of non-productive nature (theft). Conclusions – this device monitors, fixes and analyzes the activity of the observed object in real time, often GPS tracker for horses can save the animal's life or save the owner from significant damage.

The production and industrial processing of oil-containing raw materials is a strategic task for the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Domestic producers have the opportunity to dominate not only in the Central Asian region, but also to expand export flows along the developed transport routes. In addition, development of oil and fat industry of the republic will significantly reduce the impact of foreign intervention supplies on domestic market. The goal – is to identify the trends of main world players, as well as to determine the growth points of oil and fat subcomplex. The study used methods – to analyze the world branch economy: information from specialized sources and publications, official statistics from the US Department of Agriculture, foreign agricultural service of the sector "Oil crops: world markets and trade", consultations with Kazakhstani analysts in the field of agriculture, materials on the topic from open sources. Results – key global trends are identified, the average per capita consumption of vegetable oils in Kazakhstan is determined. Soybean, palm, sunflower, rapeseed and safflower are the main oil crops in the world and local space, the importance of legumes is noted. Besides exotic ones - palm trees and olives, almost all oilseed plants, which determine the global industry structure, are grown in the country. In terms of production and export of linseed oil and oil seeds, Kazakhstan producers are in the world's leading positions. The influence of restrictive anti-covid measures on production of vegetable oils is shown. An example of wholesale and retail trade is given, where a fixed trade margin for retail goods is applied. Conclusions – in the Republic of Kazakhstan there is a significant potential that can provide a dominant position in regional market and can become a catalyst for inter-industry mutually beneficial relations in food sector, fodder production and animal husbandry.

The goal – is to analyze modern development of meat industry in Abay district of Abay region, identify advantages and disadvantages, as well as develop a set of measures for the effective functioning of meat and meat products market. Methods – balance, monographic, statistical and economic, settlement and constructive. Results – main indicators of development of livestock sector and meat industry of the region are considered, in particular, the share of crop and livestock production in the gross output of agricultural products (services) is shown; the number of livestock and poultry in all categories of farms, including cattle, sheep and goats, horses; production in slaughter weight; dynamics of the volume of processing of meat products. A comprehensive study made it possible to identify the problems of meat sub-complex associated with technical and technological backwardness of agricultural enterprises, the presence of inefficient and inactive economic entities, low competitiveness of meat products in foreign market, and the lack of financial resources. Conclusions – to obtain a wide range of meat products in the Abay district and in the whole region, it is necessary to take effective measures by creating a strong raw mat erial base for meat processing enterprises, developing market infrastructure, intensifying the pr ocesses of using processing enterprises of their own production capacities, while enterprises that provide a high degree of depth of processing of livestock and slaughter products will prevail at the lowest cost. An important role is played by improvement of state and ma rket regulation. For these purposes, it is necessary to develop a mechanism for increasing meat procurement. The main directions for the development of relations between agricultural producers and processing enterprises are an effective system of pricing, contractual relations, expanding the network of market infrastructure that provides technical, technological and organizational management of continuous supply to the consumer.

Precision farming is a new technology-based approach to agricultural management that observes, measures and analyzes the needs of specific fields and crops. The introduction of high performance systems can help farmers become more competitive by reducing production costs. The goal is to solve the issues of financial and economic activities of demonstration site on the use of accurate maps of fields with all their characteristics. Methods – economic and statistical, factor analysis, mathematical modeling. Results – economic justification for the activities of scientific and technical program "Transfer and adaptation of technologies for precision farming in production of crop products on the principle of "demonstration farms (polygons)" in the Akmola region" is presented based on data from the activity of production and demonstration site of precision farming RPCGF A.I. Baraev for 2018-2020; method for determining the indicators of efficiency and financial solvency of enterprise in the system of precision farming is proposed; investment financial and economic model of demonstration site was developed and implemented. Conclusions – in the RPCGF A.I. Baraev, the average yield of spring wheat for 2015-2017 amounted to 13.9 c/ha, 2018-2019 - 18.9 c/ha, increase of 36%. For 2018-2019 for spring wheat, the profitability of sales was at the level of 25.9%, profitability of production was 50.9%, which is 2-3 times higher than in 2015-2017. The economic effect will come in the 7th year of operation of this exemplary complex, taking into account the allocated subsidies, in their absence, the project will pay off in the 9th year of using this platform. The net present value of a start-up with and without subsidies is negative, which means that the site does not cover the costs for 10 years of operation, taking into account discounted rates. In this regard, the authors draw attention to the need to improve the existing measures of public support for the system of regulation of crop productivity.

One of the important tasks of modern agroecology is the study of the patterns of circulation in the biosphere of chemical elements that are regulators of biological processes. The goal – is to determine the quantitative and qualitative effect of heavy metals in soil on crop yields and beneficial properties of products obtained. At the same time, it was found that soil contaminated with heavy metals not only worsens the quality of products and food, but also reduces cadastral value of land. Methods – economic and statistical in analysis and assessment of the current state, abstract and logical, used to identify industry and regional characteristics. Results – urgent problem of degradation of agricultural lands, their desertification in the Republic of Kazakhstan is considered. The conducted research shows that the content of lead and arsenic corresponds to the norm, and cadmium and mercury exceed the normative indicators and do not meet food safety requirements. Conclusions – heavy metals lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic are toxic even in very low concentrations. Heavy metals enter agricultural lands from mineral fertilizers and plant protection products. It is generally accepted that their effect is negative if the yield is significantly reduced by 10% or more. It is necessary to carry out a detailed survey of the sphere of agricultural production on contaminated soils. It is practically impossible to reduce total concentration of heavy metals in unproductive arable land, but it is possible to significantly reduce their mobility and make them less accessible to plants, reduce accumulation of toxic substances in their biomass, improve the quality of land plots and, accordingly, their cadastral price.

The relevance of topic is the role and place of innovation, innovative technological solutions in production of grain in Kazakhstan. The goal – is to identify problems in development of grain subcomplex in the context of economic analysis of the state of machine and tractor facilities and the country's agricultural engineering in general, based on building productivity trends dependence and manufacture of equipment used in agriculture, production costs for growing crops in order to identify the potential of the industry. Calculate annual increase in gross value added from production of agricultural machinery. Determine the share of agricultural sector in the republic's GDP as one of the priority areas of the economy of Kazakhstan. Methods – economic-statistical, abstract-logical, calculation-constructive. Results – the conducted theoretical and analytical studies confirm the presence of unused reserves in the AIC and its grain farming as main export market segment. Conclusions - processes of globalization contribute to increase in innovative activity in AIC, and especially in grain industry. The term "innovations" in modern conditions for assessing the effectiveness of functioning of agro-industrial complex has a new meaning. Innovative scientific projects in many States have acquired the character of priority progressive movement and have received comprehensive support in State program documents. The constraining factor of innovative activity is technological unpreparedness of enterprises, small-scale commodity, low level of mechanized labor. The competitiveness of grain production in the world commodity market depends on State regulation of innovation process in agricultural sector, expansion of engineering and technical service system, and adoption of preventive measures.

The goal – is to study existing approaches to the phased renewal of agricultural machinery and sources of financing on the example of the North Kazakhstan Agricultural Experimental Station LLP, an elite seed farm with the status of originator. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: monographic, functional-cost, economic-statistical, analytical. Results – the data on modernization of the machine and tractor facilities at the enterprise for 2019-2022 were analyzed, its needs were identified, sources of financing measures to equip more productive and powerful machines, as well as assessment of the significance of decisions made. The effectiveness of phased new replenishment is shown in the context of production units, but not in general by type of equipment of the entire economic entity. At the same time, important aspect of performance is the write-off of agricultural machines that have worked out their standard term, which distort the indicators of power-to-weight ratio of production. A comparative analysis of such sources of financing as own funds, budgetary investments by increasing the authorized capital of the Partnership, as well as financial leasing show that the most acceptable is the combined variant of sources of income, which combines investment tool through various forms of leasing and the use of own financial resources. Conclusions – feasibility of such type of long-term lending is confirmed by the growth of portfolio of projects of agro-industrial complex, its high share in the total volume of financial leasing and financing of purchased agricultural machinery in the country as a whole. Budget investments, despite the non-refundable nature of attracted allocations, are inferior to previously designated sources due to the length of procedures for passing examinations, allocating funds and measures to increase the authorized capital of the enterprise.

In the State Program on Development of Productive Employment and Mass Entrepreneurship for 2017-2021 "Enbek", special attention is paid to studying the current situation and developing measures to reduce unemployment in the republic. The article outlines and substantiates the factors that negatively affect the livelihoods of rural residents in the regions of Kazakhstan with excessive concentration of labor. The goal is to identify new forms of labor market regulation in labor-surplus regions, show ways to launch them; assistance in development of new model for reducing unemployment that meets the needs of the time; consider modern mechanisms of State regulation of employment. Methods – dialectical, scientific generalization, classification, systemic and comparative analysis. Results – proposals have been prepared to improve the efficiency of functioning of regional employment centers, diversify the tools for external and internal stimulation of their employees, increase the reliability of predicting the situation in labor segment based on practice of improving the skills of specialists from the Employment Center in Shymkent. The reasons for the formation of excess of labor resources in the region are analyzed and classified; own definition of the concept of "surplus labor force" is proposed; the results of socio-economic activity of the Turkestan region in comparison with other regions of the country are presented, assessment of the complexity of crisis situation in labor market segment is given; recommendations have been developed to provide jobs for people living in villages. Conclusions – the results of study are aimed at optimizing the regulation of rural labor market, the most important component in the system of market economic relations and improving the State policy in the field of employment.

Relevance – human resource potential of the country is integral part of resource reserves and has impact on socio-economic development of the States and regions. The main goal of the country's economic and personnel policy is to improve quality of personnel in all sectors of economy, including agricultural sector. The goal is to consider the problems of personnel provision in AIC by applying methodological and scientific approaches. Objectives – determination of factors affecting the level and quality of training of agricultural specialists; development of proposals for the formation of qualified and competitive personnel in the countryside. Methods – analysis and synthesis, absolute and relative indicators, abstract-logical, economic-statistical. The empirical basis of the study is the data of the Department of Statistics of the Eurasian Economic Commission, Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as scientific publications on this topic. Results – in the course of the study, analysis was made of the ratio of urban and rural residents for 2017-2021, the number of employed people, average monthly wage for various types of economic activity. Based on a questionnaire survey, reasons for the unwillingness of young people to work in rural areas were identified, and a list of professions and specialties that will be in demand in the future is given. Conclusions – for the development and improvement of personnel planning in agricultural sector, it is necessary to raise the prestige of rural professions; create monitoring and management system for experienced competent workers of agro-industrial complex.

Features of functioning of the real sector of economy are associated with stable potential of rural areas. Therefore, one of the strategic directions of the State is the solution of demographic problems, increasing the income level of rural population by optimizing the facilities and conditions necessary for the villagers. The goal is to analyze the state of demographic and internal migration in the regions, show measures to regulate the income of the villagers. Methods – economic and statistical, analytical, logical, information on the industry, enterprise reporting. Results – the current situation in provision of social engineering infrastructure in rural areas for sustainable regional development has been studied. The reasons for the occurrence of internal migration and demographic complications under the influence of infrastructure obsolescence, low quality of life, and wages are scientifically justified. Studies have been conducted and assessment of the aging index in the country from 2016 to 2021 has been presented. The relevance of the issues of demography and migration in the northern regions (North Kazakhstan, Kostanay, East Kazakhstan) is indicated. Conclusions – internal migration, urbanization, aging processes, shortage of personnel in many regions of Kazakhstan due to varying degrees of provision of services in social sphere of the village and city, indicator of well-being, reduction in the income of rural population which is twice lower than average wage - the primary tasks that need to be addressed as soon as possible. Recommendations have been developed to achieve optimal spatial combination of RS and urban agglomerations, establish criteria for rural and urban areas. The authors note that it is necessary to optimize the State migration policy. It is important to stimulate the process of resettlement of city residents to agricultural areas. To do this, it is important to create attractive jobs, career opportunities and high incomes.

The goal is to analyze the manifestation of the Phillips curve on practical material. Methods – comparative, systemic, statistical, classification. Results – the authors examine the relationship between inflation and unemployment from 1991 to 2021 in the Republic of Kazakhstan through the Phillips curve. The possibility of its application for Kazakhstan economy is considered. The relevance of the article is determined by the fact that in agriculture, depreciation of money and unemployment has negative impact in the form of disproportionate development, reduced investment activity, socio-economic instability, underproduction of gross product, and redistribution costs. This requires assessment of current trends in labor market, which is an indicator of living standard of population. The degree of inflationary processes (independent variable) and unemployment (dependent variable) in dynamics for domestic agricultural sector is analyzed. The relationship of human potential with the rate of decline in purchasing power is reflected. Using statistical data, Phillips curve was constructed for a longterm period. Correlation comparison of unemployment and increase in prices for goods and services has been carried out. The dependence between the studied variables for agro-industrial complex of the republic was tested. Conclusions – the results indicate the presence of relationship which is consistent with scientific concept of A. Phillips between inflation and unemployment in certain years. The periods when there is no feedback between them predominate. There is a simultaneous increase in inflation and unemployment and their decrease. However, even after 64 years, the Phillips curve, supplemented by the studies of E. Phelps and M.Friedman, is a tool for macroeconomic analysis, implementation of macroeconomic knowledge.