Land use and land management in Kazakhstan

Global climate warming annually leads to a decrease in the agro-climatic potential of farming, many areas of traditional cultivation of land become unsuitable for agriculture due to desertification, swamping and erosion processes. Purpose - the concept of sustainable land use is considered, taking into account foreign experience.
Methods are based on the system analysis of works of domestic and foreign scientists and data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan, analytical reports of the Committee on Land Resources Management.
Results - different approaches to solving the problems of agroindustrial complex are presented, the main trends in the development of the agrarian sector of the republic, the need to combat land degradation, to preserve their productivity and ecosystem functions are shown.
Conclusions - the analysis of world practice shows that the principles of land cultivation based on environmental, social and economic criteria should be implemented based on the effective use of agricultural land, that is, through the optimization of agricultural land fund. The research has an interdisciplinary character. The systematic study of this issue contributes to the application of rational methods of land management in agricultural production. The authors note that the use of digital technologies in the sphere of land relations will help to increase the efficiency of production and economic activity, to unite the main factors and efforts of the participants of this process in a single information space, to increase the reliability and completeness of transmitted data. Digital infrastructure in the farming system is the driver of future development. Provision of all types of services in accordance with land legislation should be digitized.

1. Axelsson, R., Angelstam, P., Elbakidze, M., Stryamets, N., Johansson, K.E. (2012). Sustainable Development and Sustainability: Landscape Approach as a Practical Interpretation of Principles and Implementation Concepts. Journal of Landscape Ecology, 4, 5–30 [in English].

2. Platt, R.H. (2014). Land use and society, third edition: Geography, law, and public policy. Island Press [in English].

3. Aspinall, R., Staiano, M. (2017). A conceptual model for land system dynamics as a coupled human–environment system. Land, 6 (4), 81. https://doi.org/10.3390/land6040081 [in English].

4. IISD. Sustainable Development (2016). Available online: http://www.iisd.org/topic/sustainable-development (date of access: 04.12. 2017) [in English].

5. Zhou, X., Chu, Z. & Ji, X. (2024). Changes in the land-use landscape pattern and ecological network of Xuzhou planning area. Scientific Reports,14(8854), 231-243. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-59572-9 (date of access: 14.06.2024) [in English].

6. Dolmatova, O.N. (2016). Ustoichivoe zemlepol'zovanie kak osnova formirovaniya effektivnogo sel'skokhozyaistvennogo proizvodstva [Land use as a basis for formation of agricultural production]. Vestnik OmGAU, 3(23), 165-173 [in Russian].

7. Gong, M., Xi, R., Qi, Y., Wang, X., Sun, P. & Che, L. (2024). Agricultural land management and rural financial development: coupling and coordinated relationship and temporal-spatial disparities in China. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 1-20 [in English].

8. Aitkhozhayeva, G., Tireuov, K., Pentayev, T. (2019). Land Policy and Land Market Activity in Kazakhstan. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 10, 3, 590-596 [in English].

9. Anarbaev, E.A., Aitkhozhayeva, G.S., Pentaev, T.P., Zhildikbaeva A.N. & Begarip G. (2023). Principy ustojchivogo zemlepol'zovanija sel'skohozjajstvennyh zemel' Turkestanskoj oblasti [Principles of sustainable land use of agricultural lands of Turkestan region]. Issledovanija i rezul'taty - Research and results, 3(99), 326-335 [in Russian].

10. Izakovičová, Z., Špulerová, J., Petrovič, F. (2018). Integrated Approach to Sustainable Land Use Management. Environments, 5(3), 37. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/environments 5030037 (date of access: 14.06.2024) [in English].

11. Xie, H., Zhang, Y., Zeng, X. et al. (2020). Sustainable land use and management research: a scientometric review. Landscape Ecol, 35, 2381–2411 [in English].

12. Trung Thanh Nguyen, Ulrike Grote, Frank Neubacher, Dil B. Rahut, Manh Hung Do, Gokul P. Paudel (2023). Security risks from climate change and environmental degradation: implications for sustainable land use transformation in the Global South, Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. Avail-able at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2023.101322 (date of access: 14.06.2024) [in English].

13. Kalashnikov, P., Kulanov, A., Nesipbekov, E., Kaishatayeva, A. and Kantarbayeva, S. (2023). Impact of state and legal regulation on the sustainable development of agricultural territories and improving the standard of living of the population. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 14, 82-88 [in English].

14. Kozlova, V.Ya., Demesova, O. (2013). Issledovanie koncepcii ustojchivogo zemlepol'zovanija v uslovijah formirovanija social'noorientirovannoj rynochnoj jekonomiki [The study of the concept of sustainable land use in the context of the formation of a socially oriented market economy]. Available at: http://journals.uran.ua/index.Php/2225-6407/article/view/22192/19713. (date of access: 14.06.2024) [in Russian].

15. Petrick, M., Pomfret, R. (2017). Agricultural policies in Kazakhstan. Handbook of International Food and Agricultural Policies, 3, 461-482 [in English].

16. Svodnyj analiticheskij otchet o sostojanii i ispol'zovanii zemel' RK [Summary analytical report on the state and use of the lands of the Republic of Kazakhstan]. Available at: https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/land/documents/details/579164?lang=ru (date of access: 14.06.2024) [in Russian].

17. Zhyrgalova, A., Yelemessov, S., Ablaikhan, B., Aitkhozhayeva, G., Zhildikbayeva, A. (2024). Assessment of potential ecological risk of heavy metal contamination of agricultural soils in Kazakhstan. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 84. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.280583 [in English].