agroprobПроблемы агрорынкаProblems of AgriMarket1817-728X2708-9991Казахский научно-исследовательский институт экономики агропромышленного комплекса и развития села10.46666/2026-2.2708-9991.05agroprob-2610Research ArticleАграрная политика: механизм реализацииAgricultural policy: mechanism of implementationТехнологии блокчейн в АПК Республики Казахстан: потенциал и механизмы внедренияBlockchain technologies in the AIC of the Republic of Kazakhstan: potential and implementation mechanismshttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-0747-923XЖандиярЕ. Г.ZhandiyarYe.

Жандияр Есен Ганиұлы; докторант Ph.D

050000 пр.Абая, 8, г.Алматы

 

Zhandiyar Yessen; Ph.D student

050010 Abay Ave., 8, Almaty

Essen.zhandiyar@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-4986-5528МаликовС. С.MalikovS.

Маликов Сунгат Сайлаханович - основной автор; докторант Ph.D

050000 пр.Абая, 8, г.Алматы

Malikov Sungat – The main author; Ph.D student

050000  Abay Ave, 8, Almaty

SunGate81@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1564-8953АкимбековаГ. У.AkimbekovaG.

Акимбекова Галия Уйсимбековна; доктор экономических наук, профессор; заместитель Председателя Правления

050000 ул. Сатпаева, 30Б, г.Алматы

Akimbekova Galiya; Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor; Deputy Chairman of the Board

050000 Satpayev str., 30B Almaty

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3495-9116WeiF.WeiF.

Wei Feng; Ph.D, профессор

712100 ул.Тайчэн, 3, г.Янлин

Wei Feng; Ph.D, Professor

712100  Taicheng str., 3, Yangling

weifeng@nwafu.edu.cnКазахский национальный аграрный исследовательский университетКазахстанKazakh National Agrarian Research UniversityKazakhstanКазахский научно-исследовательский институт экономики агропромышленного комплекса и развития сельских территорийКазахстанKazakh Research Institute of Economy of the Agro-Industrial Complex and Rural DevelopmentKazakhstanСеверо-Западный университет сельского и лесного хозяйстваКитайNorthwest Agricultural and Forestry UniversityChina202623072026026273Copyright © Жандияр Е.Г., Маликов С.С., Акимбекова Г.У., Wei F., 20262026Жандияр Е.Г., Маликов С.С., Акимбекова Г.У., Wei F.Zhandiyar Y., Malikov S., Akimbekova G., Wei F.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.jpra-kazniiapk.kz/jour/article/view/2610

Цель – выявление системных барьеров цифровой трансформации и обоснование путей их преодоления через децентрализованные системы управления данными в растениеводстве и животноводстве.

Методы – контент-анализ мировых практик за 2023-2025 гг., структурирована информация из государственных программ и пилотных проектов по токенизации активов и цифровой прослеживаемости продукции в республике для понимания тенденций и систематизации зарубежного и отечественного опыта.

Результаты – проведена комплексная оценка интеграции технологии блокчейн в агропромышленный комплекс Республики Казахстан, определены основные механизмы внедрения распределенных реестров, включая автоматизацию агрострахования через метеорологические оракулы и смарт-контракты. Подтверждена целесообразность использования архитектуры Private Blockchain для соблюдения баланса между прозрачностью аудита и защитой коммерческой тайны агрохолдингов. Показан потенциал «цифровых паспортов» продуктов для верификации стандартов «Халал» и «Органик», что критично для укрепления экспортных позиций страны. Представлено исследование синергии блокчейна с IoT-решениями для точного мониторинга углеродного следа в рамках стратегии Net-Zero. Рассмотрена возможность оцифровки зерновых расписок в Костанайской области как инструмента снижения транзакционных издержек.

Выводы — данный проект доказывает, что применение гибридных блокчейн-моделей эффективно минимизирует информационную асимметрию и устраняет деструктивные посреднические звенья в агробизнесе. Авторами теоретически аргументирована необходимость развертывания национальной аграрной блокчейн-экосистемы в качестве важного инфраструктурного базиса. Данное цифровое решение гарантирует безупречную юридическую чистоту при регистрации прав собственности на земельные ресурсы и полностью автоматизирует процесс распределения бюджетных субсидий. Продемонстрирован широкий спектр возможностей и перспектив криптографических протоколов в контексте нейтрализации институциональных рисков, что существенно повышает долгосрочную инвестиционную привлекательность казахстанского аграрного сектора на международном уровне.

The objective - is to identify the systemic barriers to digital transformation and substantiate ways to overcome them through decentralized data management systems in crop production and livestock farming.

Methods – content analysis of global practices for the period 2023–2025 was conducted, and information from state programs and pilot projects on asset tokenization and digital product traceability in the republic was structured to understand current trends and systematize both international and domestic experience.

Results – a comprehensive assessment of the integration of blockchain technology into the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out, and the main mechanisms for implementing distributed ledger technologies were identified, including the automation of agricultural insurance through meteorological oracles and smart contracts. The feasibility of using a Private Blockchain architecture to maintain a balance between audit transparency and the protection of the commercial confidentiality of agricultural holdings was confirmed. The potential of product «digital passports» for verifying «Halal» and «Organic» standards was demonstrated, which is critical for strengthening the country’s export position. The study also presents the synergy between blockchain and IoT solutions for the precise monitoring of carbon footprints within the framework of the Net-Zero strategy. The possibility of digitizing grain warehouse receipts in the Kostanay Region as a tool for reducing transaction costs was examined.

Conclusions – the study demonstrates that the application of hybrid blockchain models effectively minimizes information asymmetry and eliminates inefficient intermediary links in agribusiness. The authors theoretically substantiate the necessity of developing a national agrarian blockchain ecosystem as a key element of the country's infrastructure. This digital solution ensures impeccable legal integrity in the registration of land ownership rights and fully automates the process of allocating state budget subsidies. A broad range of opportunities and prospects for cryptographic protocols in the context of mitigating institutional risks is demonstrated, significantly enhancing the long-term investment attractiveness of Kazakhstan’s agrarian sector at the international level. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.