ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF INTRODUCTION OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN GRAIN SUB-COMPLEX OF KAZAKHSTAN

Grain farming is a historically basic and strategic sector of the agricultural sector of the economy of Kazakhstan - the main producer of food products and the main source of livelihood of the population, on the dynamic sustainable development of which the food security of the country depends. The article analyzes grain sub-complex of Kazakhstan, investigates the problems of production and consumption of grain products as a backbone segment of the agro-industrial complex and the basis for solving food problem. The dynamics of the gross harvest of wheat in the country as a whole is analyzed, including in Akmola region - the leader in the ranking of grain yields. The tendencies of changes in the volumes of commercial grain production in the region are revealed. Method of comparative assessment of the main economic indicators of grain industry before and after the introduction of innovative technologies is proposed, recommendations on the expediency of their implementation are given. Summarizing the above, we can come to the following conclusion: the innovative development of grain industry can be the most effective in systemic complex of directions, priorities and tasks. The innovation process in the country's grain production has a number of positive aspects: carrying out work on reproduction of soil fertility, preventing their degradation; the use of various cultivation techniques, incl. energy and resource saving technologies for production, storage and processing of grain; elaboration and development of State innovation policy at the level of the entire AIC and grain cluster.

Introduction. Grain production is the leading branch of agricultural production. The gross collection of the grain determines the food security of the country since it provides the country with food, feeding, and seed grain, and also makes a raw material base for the development of many industries. Currently, the gross collection of grain in the country is fragile and depends on many factors, such as zonal and weather conditions, technical and technological features of grain production in various farms, etc; and has not yet reached the standard of 1000 tons per one resident of the country [1].
At the present stage, when Kazakhstan has entered a qualitatively new phase of economic modernization, the issues of innovative development of grain production, which, due to its conservatism, is least susceptible to technical and technological changes, come to the fore. The growing demand for grain in the world ensures the sustainability of the grain sector, which is the basis for the state's food security [2].
Market conditions determine the processes of re-converting agricultural enterprises, lead to the production of products that give the highest profit during their sale. However, competition and rapidly changing market conditions equalize prices and profitability of commodity producers, which ultimately leads to an underutilization of the production potential of the agricultural sector, a decrease in the volume and sustainability of production [3].
One of the key areas of the agroindustrial complex is the cultivation of grain crops. Every year the regions increase grain production by expanding crop acreages and increasing yields, which serves as a kind of integrated efficiency indicator of using different tillage technologies. At the same time, the crops grown according to the minimum and zero practice, as shown by empirical research, are not inferior in yield to those cultivated on plowing [4].
In increasing yields and grain gross collection, one of the most effective ways is to create and accelerate the introduction of new technologies into production. However, until   Words of young scientists 171 recently, the question of the economic efficiency of resource-saving methods of agricultural production remained unexplored [5]. The economic effect is determined by a comparative analysis of costs, and the methods for determining the influence of progressive technologies on the gross output growth are overlooked, therefore, the proposed methodology on the example of Akmola region, will find its practical application. Material and methods of research. At the stage of econometric research, a regression analysis was carried out, an economic interpretation of the calculation results was made. The research showed that the main factor influencing the gross collection is the yield of grain crops. This is confirmed by the value of the elasticity coefficient exceeding one unit [6].
According to the statistical data under study, the crop acreages had a weak effect on the gross collection of grain crops. These results of the study confirm the need to increase the yield of grain crops through the introduc-tion of modern cultivation technologies and the use of seed grains of quality varieties. The results of the theoretical and economic analysis showed that the main factors influencing the gross collection of grain crops are the crop acreage and yield.
Results and their discussion. In Kazakhstan, for the 2015-2017 period, 11.5-15.1 million tons of wheat were produced, which enables the country to be in third place in the CIS after Russia and Ukraine. The average yield of grain is 9.0 -13 c / ha. The growth in grain production contributes to an increase in its sales and an increase in the profitability of the industry. On average, 2.8 -7.0 million tons of grain are shipped for export. Besides, about 1.3 -2.2 million tons of flour are exported. Spring wheat occupies over 3/4 of the grain crops. It is sown mainly in the northern part of the republic, and winter wheat is cultivated in the south. When constructing an econometric model of the gross collection of grain crops at the information stage, official statistical data were used (table 1).  [7] Let us come up with effective features and factors: ythe effective feature: a gross collection of grain and leguminous crops; х 1the first factor: crop acreage of grain and leguminous crops; х 2the second factor: the yield of grain and leguminous crops. Thus, the analysis of the grain production showed the following results: an increase or decrease in acreage for grain and leguminous crops has a weak effect on the growth (decrease) of the gross collection (the value of the elasticity coefficient confirms this fact); change in the yield of grain and leguminous crops directly and significantly impact the  [8,9].

Regression statistics
In recent years, instead of traditional intensive cultivation technologies, resourcesaving methods of minimum and zero tillage have been increasingly introduced internationally. In many regions of our country, these methods are already being effectively applied, while in other regions, there is an increasing interest in them [10].
The calculation of the gross production of wheat in the Akmola region was carried out based on data on yield, crop acreage, and sales prices for the corresponding year in the period from 2015 to 2019. A deflator was used to ensure the comparability of the cost data over time. Calculations of gross production for the period from 2015 to 2019 taking into account the deflator are given in table 2. The introduction of new technology is quantitatively expressed in a change in crop yield. Therefore, the change assessment of yield on the volume of gross output gives a completely objective picture of the impact of the new technology introduced on the level of the studied indicator (gross output). Table 3 shows the calculations of the weighted average price and gross output in wheat production before and after the introduction of progressive technology in the period from 2015 to 2019. To calculate the impact of new technology on the gross output of the industry, it is also necessary to conduct a factor analysis using the index method.
To analyze, we will use the following formula 1, 2: Where GP 0 and GP 1 is the gross product, respectively, before and after the new technology introduction, tenge/ha, P 0 and P 1 is the price of the product, respectively, before and after the introduction, tenge/c, Y 0 and Y 1 is the wheat yield, respectively, before and after the introduction of new technology, c / ha, formula 3.
Then, the value will represent the increase in production due to changes in yield from the introduction of new technology; is the increase in production due to price changes [11].
The increase in output due to changes in yield from the introduction of new technology amounted to: 3 761.0 × (0.5) = 1 880.5 tenge/ha; The increase in output due to price changes is 4 743.7 × 10.9 -3 761.0 × 10.9 = 51 706.3 -40 994.9 = 10 711.4 tenge/ha At the same time, the total increase in gross production is equal to: GP p = 1 880.5 +10 220 = 12 591.9 tenge/ha The growth rate of gross output in wheat production due to changes in yield from the introduction of new technology is (1 880.5 / 39 114.4) × 100% = 4.8% Next, let us calculate the total increase of gross output in wheat production per one farm from the introduction of new technology according to the formula 4:  GP entire cur.year  GP yield S (4) Where GPentire cur.year is the increase in gross output when using new technology for the enterprise as a whole, tenge (tugrik); GPyield is the increase in gross production per hectare from the use of new technology, tenge/ha; S -total crop acreage for wheat, ha.
Overall, the increase in gross output due to the introduction of new technology for farms amounted to: Conclusion 1. High volatility of grain production, the predominance of monoculture -wheat, weak diversification of crop acreage, low grain yield.
2. With the need to increase the gross collection, progressive technologies are being introduced, which leads to the need to develop a methodology for determining the economic effect for making management decisions.
3. Therefore, the assessment of the influence of factors on the gross collection makes it possible to quickly assess the current trends, and carry out a comparative analysis of the industry with the regions, other types of economic activity in the region.
4. The research results can be used in the development of agricultural policy, development strategies at the regional and sectoral levels, which will help to make decisions about the need to introduce advanced technologies to increase the gross collection.